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Splunk SPLK-2002 Exam Overview:
Aspect
Details
Exam Name
Splunk Enterprise Certified Architect
Exam Code
SPLK-2002
Exam Cost
$130 USD
Total Time
90 minutes
Number of Questions
68
Exam Format
Multiple Choice
Available Languages
English
Passing Score
700 out of 1000
Exam Prerequisites
Splunk Core Certified Power User and Splunk Core Certified Admin
Planning and deploying Splunk in a distributed environment.
Configuration
15%
Configuration and management of Splunk components.
Indexing
15%
Data indexing, parsing, and retention policies.
Search Head Cluster
15%
Configuring and managing search head clusters.
Indexer Cluster
20%
Configuring and managing indexer clusters.
Monitoring and Maintenance
10%
Monitoring the Splunk environment and performing regular maintenance.
Troubleshooting
5%
Identifying and resolving issues in Splunk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Splunk SPLK-2002 Sample Question Answers
Question # 1
Following Splunk recommendations, where could the Monitoring Console (MC) be installedin a distributed deployment with an indexer cluster, a search head cluster, and 1000forwarders?
A. On a search peer in the cluster. B. On the deployment server. C. On the search head cluster deployer. D. On a search head in the cluster.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The Monitoring Console (MC) is the Splunk Enterprise monitoring tool that lets you view
detailed topology and performance information about your Splunk Enterprise
deployment1. The MC can be installed on any Splunk Enterprise instance that can access
the data from all the instances in the deployment2. However, following the Splunk
recommendations, the MC should be installed on the search head cluster deployer, which
is a dedicated instance that manages the configuration bundle for the search head cluster members3. This way, the MC can monitor the search head cluster as well as the indexer
cluster and the forwarders, without affecting the performance or availability of the other
instances4. The other options are not recommended because they either introduce
additional load on the existing instances (such as A and D) or do not have access to the
data from the search head cluster (such as B).
1: About the Monitoring Console - Splunk Documentation 2: Add Splunk Enterprise
instances to the Monitoring Console 3: Configure the deployer - Splunk Documentation 4:
[Monitoring Console setup and use - Splunk Documentation]
Question # 2
When implementing KV Store Collections in a search head cluster, which of the followingconsiderations is true?
A. The KV Store Primary coordinates with the search head cluster captain when collectioncontent changes. B. The search head cluster captain is also the KV Store Primary when collection contentchanges. C. The KV Store Collection will not allow for changes to content if there are more than 50search heads in the cluster. D. Each search head in the cluster independently updates its KV store collection whencollection content changes.
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to the Splunk documentation1, in a search head cluster, the KV Store Primary is
the same node as the search head cluster captain. The KV Store Primary is responsible for
coordinating the replication of KV Store data across the cluster members. When any node
receives a write request, the KV Store delegates the write to the KV Store Primary. The KV
Store keeps the reads local, however. This ensures that the KV Store data is consistent
and available across the cluster.
References:
About the app key value store
KV Store and search head clusters
Question # 3
When should a Universal Forwarder be used instead of a Heavy Forwarder?
A. When most of the data requires masking. B. When there is a high-velocity data source. C. When data comes directly from a database server. D. When a modular input is needed.
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to the Splunk blog1, the Universal Forwarder is ideal for collecting data from
high-velocity data sources, such as a syslog server, due to its smaller footprint and faster
performance. The Universal Forwarder performs minimal processing and sends raw or
unparsed data to the indexers, reducing the network traffic and the load on the forwarders.
The other options are false because:
When most of the data requires masking, a Heavy Forwarder is needed, as it can
perform advanced filtering and data transformation before forwarding the data2.
When data comes directly from a database server, a Heavy Forwarder is needed,
as it can run modular inputs such as DB Connect to collect data from various
databases2.
When a modular input is needed, a Heavy Forwarder is needed, as the Universal
Forwarder does not include a bundled version of Python, which is required for
most modular inputs2.
Question # 4
On search head cluster members, where in $splunk_home does the Splunk Deployerdeploy app content by default?
A. etc/apps/ B. etc/slave-apps/ C. etc/shcluster/ D. etc/deploy-apps/
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to the Splunk documentation1, the Splunk Deployer deploys app content to the
etc/slave-apps/ directory on the search head cluster members by default. This directory
contains the apps that the deployer distributes to the members as part of the configuration
bundle. The other options are false because:
The etc/apps/ directory contains the apps that are installed locally on each
member, not the apps that are distributed by the deployer2.
The etc/shcluster/ directory contains the configuration files for the search head
cluster, not the apps that are distributed by the deployer3.
The etc/deploy-apps/ directory is not a valid Splunk directory, as it does not exist in
the Splunk file system structure4.
Question # 5
A Splunk environment collecting 10 TB of data per day has 50 indexers and 5 searchheads. A single-site indexer cluster will be implemented. Which of the following is a bestpractice for added data resiliency?
A. Set the Replication Factor to 49. B. Set the Replication Factor based on allowed indexer failure. C. Always use the default Replication Factor of 3. D. Set the Replication Factor based on allowed search head failure.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct answer is B. Set the Replication Factor based on allowed indexer failure. This
is a best practice for adding data resiliency to a single-site indexer cluster, as it ensures
that there are enough copies of each bucket to survive the loss of one or more indexers
without affecting the searchability of the data1. The Replication Factor is the number of
copies of each bucket that the cluster maintains across the set of peer nodes2. The
Replication Factor should be set according to the number of indexers that can fail without
compromising the cluster’s ability to serve data1. For example, if the cluster can tolerate
the loss of two indexers, the Replication Factor should be set to three1.
The other options are not best practices for adding data resiliency. Option A, setting the
Replication Factor to 49, is not recommended, as it would create too many copies of each
bucket and consume excessive disk space and network bandwidth1. Option C, always
using the default Replication Factor of 3, is not optimal, as it may not match the customer’s
requirements and expectations for data availability and performance1. Option D, setting the
Replication Factor based on allowed search head failure, is not relevant, as the Replication
Factor does not affect the search head availability, but the searchability of the data on the
indexers1. Therefore, option B is the correct answer, and options A, C, and D are incorrect.
1: Configure the replication factor 2: About indexer clusters and index replication
Question # 6
As of Splunk 9.0, which index records changes to . conf files?
A. _configtracker B. _introspection C. _internal D. _audit
Answer: A
Explanation:
This is the index that records changes to .conf files as of Splunk 9.0. According to the
Splunk documentation1, the _configtracker index tracks the changes made to the
configuration files on the Splunk platform, such as the files in the etc directory. The
_configtracker index can help monitor and troubleshoot the configuration changes, and
identify the source and time of the changes1. The other options are not indexes that record
changes to .conf files. Option B, _introspection, is an index that records the performance
metrics of the Splunk platform, such as CPU, memory, disk, and network usage2. Option
C, _internal, is an index that records the internal logs and events of the Splunk platform,
such as splunkd, metrics, and audit logs3. Option D, _audit, is an index that records the
audit events of the Splunk platform, such as user authentication, authorization, and
activity4. Therefore, option A is the correct answer, and options B, C, and D are incorrect.
1: About the _configtracker index 2: About the _introspection index 3: About the _internal
index 4: About the _audit index
Question # 7
Which of the following server. conf stanzas indicates the Indexer Discovery feature has not been fully configured (restart pending) on the Master Node?
A. Option A B. Option B C. Option C D. Option D
Answer: A
Explanation:
The Indexer Discovery feature enables forwarders to dynamically connect to the available
peer nodes in an indexer cluster. To use this feature, the manager node must be
configured with the [indexer_discovery] stanza and a pass4SymmKey value. The
forwarders must also be configured with the same pass4SymmKey value and the
master_uri of the manager node. The pass4SymmKey value must be encrypted using the
splunk _encrypt command. Therefore, option A indicates that the Indexer Discovery feature
has not been fully configured on the manager node, because the pass4SymmKey value is
not encrypted. The other options are not related to the Indexer Discovery feature. Option B
shows the configuration of a forwarder that is part of an indexer cluster. Option C shows
the configuration of a manager node that is part of an indexer cluster. Option D shows an
invalid configuration of the [indexer_discovery] stanza, because the pass4SymmKey value
is not encrypted and does not match the forwarders’ pass4SymmKey value12 1: https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/9.1.2/Indexer/indexerdiscovery 2:
When converting from a single-site to a multi-site cluster, what happens to existing singlesiteclustered buckets?
A. They will continue to replicate within the origin site and age out based on existing policies. B. They will maintain replication as required according to the single-site policies, but never age out. C. They will be replicated across all peers in the multi-site cluster and age out based on existing policies. D. They will stop replicating within the single-site and remain on the indexer they reside on and age out according to existing policies.
Answer: D
Explanation: When converting from a single-site to a multi-site cluster, existing single-site
clustered buckets will maintain replication as required according to the single-site policies,
but never age out. Single-site clustered buckets are buckets that were created before the conversion to a multi-site cluster. These buckets will continue to follow the single-site
replication and search factors, meaning that they will have the same number of copies and
searchable copies across the cluster, regardless of the site. These buckets will never age
out, meaning that they will never be frozen or deleted, unless they are manually converted
to multi-site buckets. Single-site clustered buckets will not continue to replicate within the
origin site, because they will be distributed across the cluster according to the single-site
policies. Single-site clustered buckets will not be replicated across all peers in the multi-site
cluster, because they will follow the single-site replication factor, which may be lower than
the multi-site total replication factor. Single-site clustered buckets will not stop replicating
within the single-site and remain on the indexer they reside on, because they will still be
subject to the replication and availability rules of the cluster
Question # 9
What information is needed about the current environment before deploying Splunk?(select all that apply)
A. List of vendors for network devices. B. Overall goals for the deployment. C. Key users. D. Data sources.
Answer: B,C,D
Explanation: Before deploying Splunk, it is important to gather some information about the current
environment, such as:
Overall goals for the deployment: This includes the business objectives, the use
cases, the expected outcomes, and the success criteria for the Splunk
deployment. This information helps to define the scope, the requirements, the
design, and the validation of the Splunk solution1.
Key users: This includes the roles, the responsibilities, the expectations, and the
needs of the different types of users who will interact with the Splunk deployment,
such as administrators, analysts, developers, and end users. This information
helps to determine the user access, the user experience, the user training, and the
user feedback for the Splunk solution1.
Data sources: This includes the types, the formats, the volumes, the locations, and
the characteristics of the data that will be ingested, indexed, and searched by the
Splunk deployment. This information helps to estimate the data throughput, the
data retention, the data quality, and the data analysis for the Splunk solution1.
Option B, C, and D are the correct answers because they reflect the essential information
that is needed before deploying Splunk. Option A is incorrect because the list of vendors
for network devices is not a relevant information for the Splunk deployment. The network
devices may be part of the data sources, but the vendors are not important for the Splunk
solution.
References:
1: Splunk Validated Architectures
Question # 10
Determining data capacity for an index is a non-trivial exercise. Which of the following arepossible considerations that would affect daily indexing volume? (select all that apply)
A. Average size of event data. B. Number of data sources. C. Peak data rates. D. Number of concurrent searches on data.
Answer: A,B,C
Explanation:
According to the Splunk documentation1, determining data capacity for an index is a
complex task that depends on several factors, such as:
Average size of event data. This is the average number of bytes per event that you
send to Splunk. The larger the events, the more storage space they require and
the more indexing time they consume.
Number of data sources. This is the number of different types of data that you
send to Splunk, such as logs, metrics, network packets, etc. The more data
sources you have, the more diverse and complex your data is, and the more
processing and parsing Splunk needs to do to index it.
Peak data rates. This is the maximum amount of data that you send to Splunk per
second, minute, hour, or day. The higher the peak data rates, the more load and
pressure Splunk faces to index the data in a timely manner.
The other option is false because:
Number of concurrent searches on data. This is not a factor that affects daily
indexing volume, as it is related to the search performance and the search
scheduler, not the indexing process. However, it can affect the overall resource
utilization and the responsiveness of Splunk2.
Question # 11
Where in the Job Inspector can details be found to help determine where performance is affected?
A. Search Job Properties > runDuration B. Search Job Properties > runtime C. Job Details Dashboard > Total Events Matched D. Execution Costs > Components
Answer: D
Explanation: This is where in the Job Inspector details can be found to help determine where
performance is affected, as it shows the time and resources spent by each component of
the search, such as commands, subsearches, lookups, and post-processing1. The
Execution Costs > Components section can help identify the most expensive or inefficient
parts of the search, and suggest ways to optimize or improve the search performance1.
The other options are not as useful as the Execution Costs > Components section for
finding performance issues. Option A, Search Job Properties > runDuration, shows the
total time, in seconds, that the search took to run2. This can indicate the overall
performance of the search, but it does not provide any details on the specific components
or factors that affected the performance. Option B, Search Job Properties > runtime, shows
the time, in seconds, that the search took to run on the search head2. This can indicate the
performance of the search head, but it does not account for the time spent on the indexers
or the network. Option C, Job Details Dashboard > Total Events Matched, shows the
number of events that matched the search criteria3. This can indicate the size and scope of
the search, but it does not provide any information on the performance or efficiency of the
search. Therefore, option D is the correct answer, and options A, B, and C are incorrect.
Which of the following clarification steps should be taken if apps are not appearing on adeployment client? (Select all that apply.)
A. Check serverclass.conf of the deployment server. B. Check deploymentclient.conf of the deployment client. C. Check the content of SPLUNK_HOME/etc/apps of the deployment server. D. Search for relevant events in splunkd.log of the deployment server.
Answer: A,B,D
Explanation: The following clarification steps should be taken if apps are not appearing on
a deployment client:
Check serverclass.conf of the deployment server. This file defines the server
classes and the apps and configurations that they should receive from the
deployment server. Make sure that the deployment client belongs to the correct
server class and that the server class has the desired apps and configurations.
Check deploymentclient.conf of the deployment client. This file specifies the
deployment server that the deployment client contacts and the client name that it
uses. Make sure that the deployment client is pointing to the correct deployment
server and that the client name matches the server class criteria.
Search for relevant events in splunkd.log of the deployment server. This file
contains information about the deployment server activities, such as sending apps
and configurations to the deployment clients, detecting client check-ins, and
logging any errors or warnings. Look for any events that indicate a problem with
the deployment server or the deployment client.
Checking the content of SPLUNK_HOME/etc/apps of the deployment server is not
a necessary clarification step, as this directory does not contain the apps and
configurations that are distributed to the deployment clients. The apps and
configurations for the deployment server are stored in
SPLUNK_HOME/etc/deployment-apps. For more information, see Configure
deployment server and clients in the Splunk documentation.
Question # 13
Which props.conf setting has the least impact on indexing performance?
A. SHOULD_LINEMERGE B. TRUNCATE C. CHARSET D. TIME_PREFIX
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to the Splunk documentation1, the CHARSET setting in props.conf specifies the
character set encoding of the source data. This setting has the least impact on indexing
performance, as it only affects how Splunk interprets the bytes of the data, not how it
processes or transforms the data. The other options are false because:
The SHOULD_LINEMERGE setting in props.conf determines whether Splunk
breaks events based on timestamps or newlines. This setting has a significant
impact on indexing performance, as it affects how Splunk parses the data and
identifies the boundaries of the events2. The TRUNCATE setting in props.conf specifies the maximum number of
characters that Splunk indexes from a single line of a file. This setting has a
moderate impact on indexing performance, as it affects how much data Splunk
reads and writes to the index3.
The TIME_PREFIX setting in props.conf specifies the prefix that directly precedes
the timestamp in the event data. This setting has a moderate impact on indexing
performance, as it affects how Splunk extracts the timestamp and assigns it to the
event
Question # 14
To expand the search head cluster by adding a new member, node2, what first step isrequired?
A. splunk bootstrap shcluster-config -mgmt_uri https://node2:8089 -replication_port 9200 -secret supersecretkey B. splunk init shcluster-config -master_uri https://node2:8089 -replication_port 9200 -secretsupersecretkey C. splunk init shcluster-config -mgmt_uri https://node2:8089 -replication_port 9200 -secretsupersecretkey D. splunk add shcluster-member -new_member_uri https://node2:8089 -replication_port9200 -secret supersecretkey
Answer: C
Explanation:
To expand the search head cluster by adding a new member, node2, the first step is to
initialize the cluster configuration on node2 using the splunk init shcluster-config command.
This command sets the required parameters for the cluster member, such as the management URI, the replication port, and the shared secret key. The management URI
must be unique for each cluster member and must match the URI that the deployer uses to
communicate with the member. The replication port must be the same for all cluster
members and must be different from the management port. The secret key must be the
same for all cluster members and must be encrypted using the splunk _encrypt command.
The master_uri parameter is optional and specifies the URI of the cluster captain. If not
specified, the cluster member will use the captain election process to determine the
captain. Option C shows the correct syntax and parameters for the splunk init shclusterconfig
command. Option A is incorrect because the splunk bootstrap shclusterconfig
command is used to bring up the first cluster member as the initial captain, not to
add a new member. Option B is incorrect because the master_uri parameter is not required
and the mgmt_uri parameter is missing. Option D is incorrect because the splunk add
shcluster-member command is used to add an existing search head to the cluster, not to
What is needed to ensure that high-velocity sources will not have forwarding delays to the indexers?
A. Increase the default value of sessionTimeout in server, conf. B. Increase the default limit for maxKBps in limits.conf. C. Decrease the value of forceTimebasedAutoLB in outputs. conf. D. Decrease the default value of phoneHomelntervallnSecs in deploymentclient .conf.
Answer: B
Explanation:
To ensure that high-velocity sources will not have forwarding delays to the indexers, the
default limit for maxKBps in limits.conf should be increased. This parameter controls the
maximum bandwidth that a forwarder can use to send data to the indexers. By default, it is
set to 256 KBps, which may not be sufficient for high-volume data sources. Increasing this
limit can reduce the forwarding latency and improve the performance of the forwarders.
However, this should be done with caution, as it may affect the network bandwidth and the
indexer load. Option B is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because the
sessionTimeout parameter in server.conf controls the duration of a TCP connection
between a forwarder and an indexer, not the bandwidth limit. Option C is incorrect because
the forceTimebasedAutoLB parameter in outputs.conf controls the frequency of load
balancing among the indexers, not the bandwidth limit. Option D is incorrect because the
phoneHomelntervallnSecs parameter in deploymentclient.conf controls the interval at which
a forwarder contacts the deployment server, not the bandwidth limit12
In splunkd. log events written to the _internal index, which field identifies the specific log channel?
A. component B. source C. sourcetype D. channel
Answer: D
Explanation:
In the context of splunkd.log events written to the _internal index, the field that identifies
the specific log channel is the "channel" field. This information is confirmed by the Splunk
Common Information Model (CIM) documentation, where "channel" is listed as a field name
associated with Splunk Audit Logs.
Question # 17
What is the expected minimum amount of storage required for data across an indexer cluster with the following input and parameters?• Raw data = 15 GB per day• Index files = 35 GB per day• Replication Factor (RF) = 2• Search Factor (SF) = 2
A. 85 GB per day B. 50 GB per day C. 100 GB per day D. 65 GB per day
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is C. 100 GB per day. This is the expected minimum amount of storage
required for data across an indexer cluster with the given input and parameters. The
storage requirement can be calculated by adding the raw data size and the index files size,
and then multiplying by the Replication Factor and the Search Factor1. In this case, the
calculation is:
(15 GB + 35 GB) x 2 x 2 = 100 GB
The Replication Factor is the number of copies of each bucket that the cluster maintains
across the set of peer nodes2. The Search Factor is the number of searchable copies of
each bucket that the cluster maintains across the set of peer nodes3. Both factors affect
the storage requirement, as they determine how many copies of the data are stored and
searchable on the indexers. The other options are not correct, as they do not match the
result of the calculation. Therefore, option C is the correct answer, and options A, B, and D
are incorrect.
1: Estimate storage requirements 2: About indexer clusters and index replication 3:
Configure the search factor
Question # 18
Splunk Enterprise performs a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) against the first and lastbytes to prevent the same file from being re-indexed if it is rotated or renamed. What is thenumber of bytes sampled by default?
A. 128 B. 512 C. 256 D. 64
Answer: C
Explanation:
Splunk Enterprise performs a CRC check against the first and last 256 bytes of a file by
default, as stated in the inputs.conf specification. This is controlled by the initCrcLength
parameter, which can be changed if needed. The CRC check helps Splunk Enterprise to
avoid re-indexing the same file twice, even if it is renamed or rotated, as long as the
content does not change. However, this also means that Splunk Enterprise might miss
some files that have the same CRC but different content, especially if they have identical
headers. To avoid this, the crcSalt parameter can be used to add some extra information to
the CRC calculation, such as the full file path or a custom string. This ensures that each file
has a unique CRC and is indexed by Splunk Enterprise. You can read more about crcSalt
and initCrcLength in the How log file rotation is handled documentation.
Question # 19
When should a dedicated deployment server be used?
A. When there are more than 50 search peers. B. When there are more than 50 apps to deploy to deployment clients. C. When there are more than 50 deployment clients. D. When there are more than 50 server classes.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A dedicated deployment server is a Splunk instance that manages the distribution of
configuration updates and apps to a set of deployment clients, such as forwarders,
indexers, or search heads. A dedicated deployment server should be used when there are
more than 50 deployment clients, because this number exceeds the recommended limit for
a non-dedicated deployment server. A non-dedicated deployment server is a Splunk
instance that also performs other roles, such as indexing or searching. Using a dedicated
deployment server can improve the performance, scalability, and reliability of the
deployment process. Option C is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because the
number of search peers does not affect the need for a dedicated deployment server.
Search peers are indexers that participate in a distributed search. Option B is incorrect
because the number of apps to deploy does not affect the need for a dedicated deployment
server. Apps are packages of configurations and assets that provide specific functionality or views in Splunk. Option D is incorrect because the number of server classes does not
affect the need for a dedicated deployment server. Server classes are logical groups of
deployment clients that share the same configuration updates and apps12
When should a dedicated deployment server be used?
A. When there are more than 50 search peers. B. When there are more than 50 apps to deploy to deployment clients. C. When there are more than 50 deployment clients. D. When there are more than 50 server classes.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A dedicated deployment server is a Splunk instance that manages the distribution of
configuration updates and apps to a set of deployment clients, such as forwarders,
indexers, or search heads. A dedicated deployment server should be used when there are
more than 50 deployment clients, because this number exceeds the recommended limit for
a non-dedicated deployment server. A non-dedicated deployment server is a Splunk
instance that also performs other roles, such as indexing or searching. Using a dedicated
deployment server can improve the performance, scalability, and reliability of the
deployment process. Option C is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because the
number of search peers does not affect the need for a dedicated deployment server.
Search peers are indexers that participate in a distributed search. Option B is incorrect
because the number of apps to deploy does not affect the need for a dedicated deployment
server. Apps are packages of configurations and assets that provide specific functionality or views in Splunk. Option D is incorrect because the number of server classes does not
affect the need for a dedicated deployment server. Server classes are logical groups of
deployment clients that share the same configuration updates and apps12
A Splunk architect has inherited the Splunk deployment at Buttercup Games and end usersare complaining that the events are inconsistently formatted for a web source. Furtherinvestigation reveals that not all weblogs flow through the same infrastructure: some of thedata goes through heavy forwarders and some of the forwarders are managed by another department.Which of the following items might be the cause of this issue?
A. The search head may have different configurations than the indexers. B. The data inputs are not properly configured across all the forwarders. C. The indexers may have different configurations than the heavy forwarders. D. The forwarders managed by the other department are an older version than the rest.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The indexers may have different configurations than the heavy forwarders, which might
cause the issue of inconsistently formatted events for a web sourcetype. The heavy
forwarders perform parsing and indexing on the data before sending it to the indexers. If
the indexers have different configurations than the heavy forwarders, such as different
props.conf or transforms.conf settings, the data may be parsed or indexed differently on the
indexers, resulting in inconsistent events. The search head configurations do not affect the
event formatting, as the search head does not parse or index the data. The data inputs
configurations on the forwarders do not affect the event formatting, as the data inputs only
determine what data to collect and how to monitor it. The forwarder version does not affect
the event formatting, as long as the forwarder is compatible with the indexer. For more
information, see [Heavy forwarder versus indexer] and [Configure event processing] in the
Splunk documentation.
Question # 22
Which of the following is true regarding Splunk Enterprise's performance? (Select all that apply.)
A. Adding search peers increases the maximum size of search results. B. Adding RAM to existing search heads provides additional search capacity. C. Adding search peers increases the search throughput as the search load increases. D. Adding search heads provides additional CPU cores to run more concurrent searches.
Answer: C,D
Explanation: The following statements are true regarding Splunk Enterprise performance:
Adding search peers increases the search throughput as search load increases.
This is because adding more search peers distributes the search workload across
more indexers, which reduces the load on each indexer and improves the search
speed and concurrency.
Adding search heads provides additional CPU cores to run more concurrent searches. This is because adding more search heads increases the number of
search processes that can run in parallel, which improves the search performance
and scalability. The following statements are false regarding Splunk Enterprise
performance:
Adding search peers does not increase the maximum size of search results. The
maximum size of search results is determined by the maxresultrows setting in the
limits.conf file, which is independent of the number of search peers.
Adding RAM to an existing search head does not provide additional search
capacity. The search capacity of a search head is determined by the number of
CPU cores, not the amount of RAM. Adding RAM to a search head may improve
the search performance, but not the search capacity. For more information,
see Splunk Enterprise performance in the Splunk documentation.
Question # 23
Which of the following Splunk deployments has the recommended minimum components for a high-availability search head cluster?
A. 2 search heads, 1 deployer, 2 indexers B. 3 search heads, 1 deployer, 3 indexers C. 1 search head, 1 deployer, 3 indexers D. 2 search heads, 1 deployer, 3 indexers
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct Splunk deployment to have the recommended minimum components for a
high-availability search head cluster is 3 search heads, 1 deployer, 3 indexers. This
configuration ensures that the search head cluster has at least three members, which is the
minimum number required for a quorum and failover1. The deployer is a separate instance
that manages the configuration updates for the search head cluster2. The indexers are the
nodes that store and index the data, and having at least three of them provides redundancy
and load balancing3. The other options are not recommended, as they either have less
than three search heads or less than three indexers, which reduces the availability and
reliability of the cluster. Therefore, option B is the correct answer, and options A, C, and D
are incorrect.
1: About search head clusters 2: Use the deployer to distribute apps and configuration
updates 3: About indexer clusters and index replication
Question # 24
A search head cluster with a KV store collection can be updated from where in the KV store collection?
A. The search head cluster captain. B. The KV store primary search head. C. Any search head except the captain. D. Any search head in the cluster.
Answer: D
Explanation:
According to the Splunk documentation1, any search head in the cluster can update the KV
store collection. The KV store collection is replicated across all the cluster members, and
any write operation is delegated to the KV store captain, who then synchronizes the
changes with the other members. The KV store primary search head is not a valid term, as
there is no such role in a search head cluster. The other options are false because:
The search head cluster captain is not the only node that can update the KV store
collection, as any member can initiate a write operation1.
Any search head except the captain can also update the KV store collection, as
the write operation will be delegated to the captain1.
Question # 25
Which of the following options in limits, conf may provide performance benefits at theforwarding tier?
A. Enable the indexed_realtime_use_by_default attribute. B. Increase the maxKBps attribute. C. Increase the parallellngestionPipelines attribute. D. Increase the max_searches per_cpu attribute.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is C. Increase the parallellngestionPipelines attribute. This is an option
in limits.conf that may provide performance benefits at the forwarding tier, as it allows the
forwarder to process multiple data inputs in parallel1. The parallellngestionPipelines
attribute specifies the number of pipelines that the forwarder can use to ingest data from
different sources1. By increasing this value, the forwarder can improve its throughput and
reduce the latency of data delivery1. The other options are not effective options to provide
performance benefits at the forwarding tier. Option A, enabling the
indexed_realtime_use_by_default attribute, is not recommended, as it enables the
forwarder to send data to the indexer as soon as it is received, which may increase the
network and CPU load and degrade the performance2. Option B, increasing the maxKBps attribute, is not a good option, as it increases the maximum bandwidth, in kilobytes per
second, that the forwarder can use to send data to the indexer3. This may improve the data
transfer speed, but it may also saturate the network and cause congestion and packet
loss3. Option D, increasing the max_searches_per_cpu attribute, is not relevant, as it only
affects the search performance on the indexer or search head, not the forwarding
performance on the forwarder4. Therefore, option C is the correct answer, and options A,
Which of the following is a problem that could be investigated using the Search Job Inspector?
A. Error messages are appearing underneath the search bar in Splunk Web. B. Dashboard panels are showing "Waiting for queued job to start" on page load. C. Different users are seeing different extracted fields from the same search. D. Events are not being sorted in reverse chronological order.
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to the Splunk documentation1, the Search Job Inspector is a tool that you can
use to troubleshoot search performance and understand the behavior of knowledge
objects, such as event types, tags, lookups, and so on, within the search. You can inspect
search jobs that are currently running or that have finished recently. The Search Job
Inspector can help you investigate error messages that appear underneath the search bar
in Splunk Web, as it can show you the details of the search job, such as the search string,
the search mode, the search timeline, the search log, the search profile, and the search
properties. You can use this information to identify the cause of the error and fix it2. The
other options are false because:
Dashboard panels showing “Waiting for queued job to start” on page load is not a
problem that can be investigated using the Search Job Inspector, as it indicates
that the search job has not started yet. This could be due to the search scheduler
being busy or the search priority being low. You can use the Jobs page or the
Monitoring Console to monitor the status of the search jobs and adjust the priority
or concurrency settings if needed3.
Different users seeing different extracted fields from the same search is not a
problem that can be investigated using the Search Job Inspector, as it is related to
the user permissions and the knowledge object sharing settings. You can use the
Access Controls page or the Knowledge Manager to manage the user roles and
the knowledge object visibility4.
Events not being sorted in reverse chronological order is not a problem that can be
investigated using the Search Job Inspector, as it is related to the search syntax
and the sort command. You can use the Search Manual or the Search Reference
to learn how to use the sort command and its options to sort the events by any
field or criteria.
Question # 31
If .delta replication fails during knowledge bundle replication, what is the fall-back method for Splunk?
A. .Restart splunkd. B. .delta replication. C. .bundle replication. D. Restart mongod.
Answer: C
Explanation: This is the fall-back method for Splunk if .delta replication fails during
knowledge bundle replication. Knowledge bundle replication is the process of distributing
the knowledge objects, such as lookups, macros, and field extractions, from the search
head cluster to the indexer cluster1. Splunk uses two methods of knowledge bundle
replication: .delta replication and .bundle replication1. .Delta replication is the default and
preferred method, as it only replicates the changes or updates to the knowledge objects,
which reduces the network traffic and disk space usage1. However, if .delta replication fails
for some reason, such as corrupted files or network errors, Splunk automatically switches
to .bundle replication, which replicates the entire knowledge bundle, regardless of the
changes or updates1. This ensures that the knowledge objects are always synchronized
between the search head cluster and the indexer cluster, but it also consumes more network bandwidth and disk space1. The other options are not valid fall-back methods for
Splunk. Option A, restarting splunkd, is not a method of knowledge bundle replication, but a
way to restart the Splunk daemon on a node2. This may or may not fix the .delta replication
failure, but it does not guarantee the synchronization of the knowledge objects. Option B,
.delta replication, is not a fall-back method, but the primary method of knowledge bundle
replication, which is assumed to have failed in the question1. Option D, restarting mongod,
is not a method of knowledge bundle replication, but a way to restart the MongoDB
daemon on a node3. This is not related to the knowledge bundle replication, but to the KV
store replication, which is a different process3. Therefore, option C is the correct answer,
and options A, B, and D are incorrect.
1: How knowledge bundle replication works 2: Start and stop Splunk Enterprise 3: Restart
the KV store
Question # 32
Which Splunk log file would be the least helpful in troubleshooting a crash?
A. splunk_instrumentation.log B. splunkd_stderr.log C. crash-2022-05-13-ll:42:57.1og D. splunkd.log
Answer: A
Explanation:
The splunk_instrumentation.log file is the least helpful in troubleshooting a crash, because
it contains information about the Splunk Instrumentation feature, which collects and sends
usage data to Splunk Inc. for product improvement purposes. This file does not contain any
information about the Splunk processes, errors, or crashes. The other options are more
helpful in troubleshooting a crash, because they contain relevant information about the
Splunk daemon, the standard error output, and the crash report12 1:
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